Guidelines

Non-neurogenic Male LUTS

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7. REFERENCES

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421.Du, R., et al. Comparative study of low-power versus high-power holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for large volume benign prostatic hyperplasia. Lasers Med Sci, 2025. 40: 68. 
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423.Netsch, C., et al. Recent evidence for anatomic endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (AEEP) in patients with benign prostatic obstruction on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy. World J Urol, 2021. 39: 3187. 
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434.Aho, T., et al. Description of a modular mentorship programme for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. World J Urol, 2015. 33: 497. 
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442.Netsch, C., et al. Safety and effectiveness of Thulium VapoEnucleation of the prostate (ThuVEP) in patients on anticoagulant therapy. World J Urol, 2014. 32: 165. 
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444.Bozzini, G., et al. Thulium: YAG vs continuous-wave thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate: do potential advantages of thulium fiber lasers translate into relevant clinical differences? World J Urol, 2023. 41: 143. 
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446.Chang, C.H., et al. Vapoenucleation of the prostate using a high-power thulium laser: a one-year follow-up study. BMC Urol, 2015. 15: 40. 
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447.Gross, A.J., et al. Complications and early postoperative outcome in 1080 patients after thulium vapoenucleation of the prostate: results at a single institution. Eur Urol, 2013. 63: 859. 
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448.Becker, B., et al. Thulium vapoenucleation of the prostate versus holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of large volume prostates: preliminary 6-month safety and efficacy results of a prospective randomized trial. World J Urol, 2018. 36: 1663. 
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452.Sotelo, R., et al. Robotic simple prostatectomy. J Urol, 2008. 179: 513. 
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453.Ramos, R., et al. Single-port Transvesical Robot-Assisted Simple Prostatectomy: Surgical Technique and Clinical Outcomes. Eur Urol, 2024. 85: 445. 
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454.Lucca, I., et al. Outcomes of minimally invasive simple prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Urol, 2015. 33: 563. 
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455.Li, J., et al. Comparison Between Minimally Invasive Simple Prostatectomy and Open Simple Prostatectomy for Large Prostates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Trials. J Endourol, 2019. 33: 767. 
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456.Fuschi, A., et al. Holmium laser enucleation of prostate versus minimally invasive simple prostatectomy for large volume (>/=120 mL) prostate glands: a prospective multicenter randomized study. Minerva Urol Nephrol, 2021. 73: 638. 
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458.Lee, C.L., et al. Treating overactive bladder symptoms after transurethral prostatic surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia - Which medication to choose? Tzu Chi Med J, 2023. 35: 312. 
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459.Scarcella, S., et al. Robotic-assisted versus open simple prostatectomy: Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies. Investig Clin Urol, 2021. 62: 631. 
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460.Shuai, H., et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy and laser enucleation of prostate for large benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Robot Surg, 2023. 17: 2687. 
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461.Sorokin, I., et al. Robot-Assisted Versus Open Simple Prostatectomy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Large Glands: A Propensity Score-Matched Comparison of Perioperative and Short-Term Outcomes. J Endourol, 2017. 31: 1164. 
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462.Van der Jeugt, J., et al. Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate vs Robot-Assisted Simple Prostatectomy for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients with Extremely Large Prostates >/=200 cc: A Comparative Analysis. J Endourol, 2023. 37: 895. 
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463.Talamini, S., et al. Surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Thulium enucleation versus single-port transvesical robotic simple prostatectomy. BJUI Compass, 2023. 4: 549. 
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464.Stoddard, M.D., et al. Standardization of 532 nm Laser Terminology for Surgery in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review. J Endourol, 2020. 34: 121. 
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465.Gomez Sancha, F., et al. Common trend: move to enucleation-Is there a case for GreenLight enucleation? Development and description of the technique. World J Urol, 2015. 33: 539. 
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466.Law, K.W., et al. Anatomic GreenLight laser vaporization-incision technique for benign prostatic hyperplasia using the XPS LBO-180W system: How I do it. Can J Urol, 2019. 26: 9963. 
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467.Elshal, A.M., et al. Prospective Assessment of Learning Curve of Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate for Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Using a Multidimensional Approach. J Urol, 2017. 197: 1099. 
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468.Elshal, A.M., et al. GreenLight laser (XPS) photoselective vapo-enucleation versus holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized controlled study. J Urol, 2015. 193: 927. 
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469.Botto, H., et al. Electrovaporization of the prostate with the Gyrus device. J Endourol, 2001. 15: 313. 
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470.Reich, O., et al. Plasma vaporisation of the prostate: initial clinical results. Eur Urol, 2010. 57: 693. 
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471.Reich, O., et al. In vitro comparison of transurethral vaporization of the prostate (TUVP), resection of the prostate (TURP), and vaporization-resection of the prostate (TUVRP). Urol Res, 2002. 30: 15. 
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472.Gallucci, M., et al. Transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate vs. transurethral resection. Results of a multicentric, randomized clinical study on 150 patients. Eur Urol, 1998. 33: 359. 
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473.Poulakis, V., et al. Transurethral electrovaporization vs transurethral resection for symptomatic prostatic obstruction: a meta-analysis. BJU Int, 2004. 94: 89. 
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474.Dunsmuir, W.D., et al. Gyrus bipolar electrovaporization vs transurethral resection of the prostate: a randomized prospective single-blind trial with 1 y follow-up. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 2003. 6: 182. 
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475.Fung, B.T., et al. Prospective randomized controlled trial comparing plasmakinetic vaporesection and conventional transurethral resection of the prostate. Asian J Surg, 2005. 28: 24. 
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476.Karaman, M.I., et al. Comparison of transurethral vaporization using PlasmaKinetic energy and transurethral resection of prostate: 1-year follow-up. J Endourol, 2005. 19: 734. 
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477.Hon, N.H., et al. A prospective, randomized trial comparing conventional transurethral prostate resection with PlasmaKinetic vaporization of the prostate: physiological changes, early complications and long-term followup. J Urol, 2006. 176: 205. 
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478.Kaya, C., et al. The long-term results of transurethral vaporization of the prostate using plasmakinetic energy. BJU Int, 2007. 99: 845. 
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479.Geavlete, B., et al. Transurethral resection (TUR) in saline plasma vaporization of the prostate vs standard TUR of the prostate: ‘the better choice’ in benign prostatic hyperplasia? BJU Int, 2010. 106: 1695. 
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480.Nuhoglu, B., et al. The role of bipolar transurethral vaporization in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urol Int, 2011. 87: 400. 
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481.Zhang, S.Y., et al. Efficacy and safety of bipolar plasma vaporization of the prostate with “button-type” electrode compared with transurethral resection of prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Chin Med J (Engl), 2012. 125: 3811. 
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482.Falahatkar, S., et al. Bipolar transurethral vaporization: a superior procedure in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective randomized comparison with bipolar TURP. Int Braz J Urol, 2014. 40: 346. 
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483.Geavlete, B., et al. Continuous vs conventional bipolar plasma vaporisation of the prostate and standard monopolar resection: a prospective, randomised comparison of a new technological advance. BJU Int, 2014. 113: 288. 
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484.Yip, S.K., et al. A randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of hybrid bipolar transurethral vaporization and resection of the prostate with bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate. J Endourol, 2011. 25: 1889. 
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485.Elsakka, A.M., et al. A prospective randomised controlled study comparing bipolar plasma vaporisation of the prostate to monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate. Arab J Urol, 2016. 14: 280. 
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486.Lee, S.W., et al. Transurethral procedures for lower urinary tract symptoms resulting from benign prostatic enlargement: a quality and meta-analysis. Int Neurourol J, 2013. 17: 59. 
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487.Wroclawski, M.L., et al. ‘Button type’ bipolar plasma vaporisation of the prostate compared with standard transurethral resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of short-term outcome studies. BJU Int, 2016. 117: 662. 
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488.Robert, G., et al. Bipolar plasma vaporization of the prostate: ready to replace GreenLight? A systematic review of randomized control trials. World J Urol, 2015. 33: 549. 
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489.Thangasamy, I.A., et al. Photoselective vaporisation of the prostate using 80-W and 120-W laser versus transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review with meta-analysis from 2002 to 2012. Eur Urol, 2012. 62: 315. 
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490.Kang, D.H., et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Functional Outcomes and Complications Following the Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate and Monopolar Transurethral Resection of the Prostate. World J Mens Health, 2016. 34: 110. 
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491.Zhou, Y., et al. Greenlight high-performance system (HPS) 120-W laser vaporization versus transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a meta-analysis of the published results of randomized controlled trials. Lasers Med Sci, 2016. 31: 485. 
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492.Thomas, J.A., et al. A Multicenter Randomized Noninferiority Trial Comparing GreenLight-XPS Laser Vaporization of the Prostate and Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Obstruction: Two-yr Outcomes of the GOLIATH Study. Eur Urol, 2016. 69: 94. 
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493.Elmansy, H., et al. Holmium laser enucleation versus photoselective vaporization for prostatic adenoma greater than 60 ml: preliminary results of a prospective, randomized clinical trial. J Urol, 2012. 188: 216. 
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494.Ghobrial, F.K., et al. A randomized trial comparing bipolar transurethral vaporization of the prostate with GreenLight laser (xps-180watt) photoselective vaporization of the prostate for treatment of small to moderate benign prostatic obstruction: outcomes after 2 years. BJU Int, 2020. 125: 144. 
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495.Al-Ansari, A., et al. GreenLight HPS 120-W laser vaporization versus transurethral resection of the prostate for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized clinical trial with midterm follow-up. Eur Urol, 2010. 58: 349. 
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496.Erazo, J.C., et al. Outpatient 180 W XPS GreenLight Laser Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate: 7-Year Experience. J Endourol, 2022. 36: 548. 
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497.Salmivalli, A., et al. Short- and long-term risks of photoselective laser vaporization of the prostate: a population-based comparison with transurethral resection of the prostate. Ann Med, 2023. 55: 1287. 
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498.Chung, D.E., et al. Outcomes and complications after 532 nm laser prostatectomy in anticoagulated patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol, 2011. 186: 977. 
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499.Reich, O., et al. High power (80 W) potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser vaporization of the prostate in 66 high risk patients. J Urol, 2005. 173: 158. 
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500.Ruszat, R., et al. Safety and effectiveness of photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) in patients on ongoing oral anticoagulation. Eur Urol, 2007. 51: 1031. 
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501.Sandhu, J.S., et al. Photoselective laser vaporization prostatectomy in men receiving anticoagulants. J Endourol, 2005. 19: 1196. 
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502.Lee, D.J., et al. Laser Vaporization of the Prostate With the 180-W XPS-Greenlight Laser in Patients With Ongoing Platelet Aggregation Inhibition and Oral Anticoagulation. Urology, 2016. 91: 167. 
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503.Jackson, R.E., et al. Risk factors for delayed hematuria following photoselective vaporization of the prostate. J Urol, 2013. 190: 903. 
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504.Knapp, G.L., et al. Perioperative adverse events in patients on continued anticoagulation undergoing photoselective vaporisation of the prostate with the 180-W Greenlight lithium triborate laser. BJU Int, 2017. 119 Suppl 5: 33. 
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505.Feiertag, J.H., et al. Incidence of Surgical Reintervention for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Following Prostatic Urethral Lift, Transurethral Resection of the Prostate, and Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate: A TriNetX Analysis. Eur Urol Open Sci, 2024. 59: 63. 
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506.Campobasso, D., et al. Efficacy and safety profile of GreenLight laser photoselective vaporization of the prostate in >/= 75 years old patients: results from the Italian GreenLight Laser Study Group. Aging Clin Exp Res, 2023. 35: 877. 
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507.Woo, H., et al. Outcome of GreenLight HPS 120-W laser therapy in specific patient populations: those in retention, on anticoagulants, and with large prostates (>80 ml). . Eur Urol Suppl 2008. 7: 378. 
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508.Rajbabu, K., et al. Photoselective vaporization of the prostate with the potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser in men with prostates of >100 mL. BJU Int, 2007. 100: 593. 
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509.Ruszat, R., et al. Photoselective vaporization of the prostate: subgroup analysis of men with refractory urinary retention. Eur Urol, 2006. 50: 1040. 
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510.Alivizatos, G., et al. Transurethral photoselective vaporization versus transvesical open enucleation for prostatic adenomas >80ml: 12-mo results of a randomized prospective study. Eur Urol, 2008. 54: 427. 
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511.Bouchier-Hayes, D.M., et al. KTP laser versus transurethral resection: early results of a randomized trial. J Endourol, 2006. 20: 580. 
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512.Bruyere, F., et al. Influence of photoselective vaporization of the prostate on sexual function: results of a prospective analysis of 149 patients with long-term follow-up. Eur Urol, 2010. 58: 207. 
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513.MacRae, C., et al. How I do it: Aquablation of the prostate using the AQUABEAM system. Can J Urol, 2016. 23: 8590. 
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514.Berjaoui, M.B., et al. WATER versus WATER II 5-year update: Comparing Aquablation therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia in 30-80-cm(3) and 80-150-cm(3) prostates. BJUI Compass, 2024. 5: 1023. 
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515.Gilling, P., et al. WATER: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Aquablation((R)) vs Transurethral Resection of the Prostate in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. J Urol, 2018. 199: 1252. 
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516.Kasivisvanathan, V., et al. Aquablation versus transurethral resection of the prostate: 1 year United States - cohort outcomes. Can J Urol, 2018. 25: 9317. 
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517.Gilling, P.J., et al. Randomized Controlled Trial of Aquablation versus Transurethral Resection of the Prostate in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: One-year Outcomes. Urology, 2019. 125: 169. 
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518.Gilling, P.J., et al. Five-year outcomes for Aquablation therapy compared to TURP: results from a double-blind, randomized trial in men with LUTS due to BPH. Can J Urol, 2022. 29: 10960. 
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519.Bhojani, N., et al. Aquablation Therapy in Large Prostates (80-150 mL) for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Final WATER II 5-Year Clinical Trial Results. J Urol, 2023. 210: 143. 
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520.Bhatia, A., et al. Comparing outcomes of Aquablation versus holmium laser enucleation of prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: A network meta-analysis. BJUI Compass, 2024. 5: 1231. 
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521.Pimentel, M.A., et al. Urodynamic Outcomes After Aquablation. Urology, 2019. 126: 165. 
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522.Desai, M., et al. Aquablation for benign prostatic hyperplasia in large prostates (80-150 mL): 6-month results from the WATER II trial. BJU Int, 2019. 124: 321. 
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523.Nguyen, D.D., et al. Waterjet Ablation Therapy for Endoscopic Resection of prostate tissue trial (WATER) vs WATER II: comparing Aquablation therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia in 30-80 and 80-150 mL prostates. BJU Int, 2020. 125: 112. 
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524.Bhojani, N., et al. Aquablation for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Large Prostates (80-150 cc): 1-Year Results. Urology, 2019. 129: 1. 
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525.Bach, T., et al. Aquablation Outcomes in Men With LUTS Due to BPH Following Single Versus Multi-pass Treatments. Urology, 2022. 169: 167. 
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526.Justo Quintas, J., et al. Aquablation vs. holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a 150-patients prospective comparative multicenter study. Minerva Urol Nephrol, 2025. 77: 111. 
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527.Abt, D., et al. Comparison of prostatic artery embolisation (PAE) versus transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia: randomised, open label, non-inferiority trial. BMJ, 2018. 361: k2338. 
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528.Zhang, J.L., et al. Effectiveness of Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography for Visualization of the Prostatic Artery prior to Prostatic Arterial Embolization. Radiology, 2019. 291: 370. 
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529.Pisco, J.M., et al. Randomised Clinical Trial of Prostatic Artery Embolisation Versus a Sham Procedure for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Eur Urol, 2020. 77: 354. 
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530.Zumstein, V., et al. Prostatic Artery Embolization versus Standard Surgical Treatment for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol Focus, 2019. 5: 1091. 
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531.Franco, J.V.A., et al. Minimally invasive treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a Cochrane network meta-analysis. BJU Int, 2022. 130: 142. 
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532.Xiang, P., et al. Efficacy and safety of prostatic artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Radiol, 2021. 31: 4929. 
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533.Mullhaupt, G., et al. Prostatic Artery Embolisation Versus Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Benign Prostatic Obstruction: 5-year Outcomes of a Randomised, Open-label, Noninferiority Trial. Eur Urol Focus, 2024. 10: 788. 
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534.Lewer, O., et al. Prostate Size and Its Effect on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Improvement After Convective Water Vapor Thermal Therapy. J Urol, 2025. 214: 48. 
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535.Jung, J.H., et al. Prostatic arterial embolisation for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a Cochrane review. BJU Int, 2023. 131: 32. 
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536.Shim, S.R., et al. Efficacy and Safety of Prostatic Arterial Embolization: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. J Urol, 2017. 197: 465. 
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537.Knight, G.M., et al. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Comparing Prostatic Artery Embolization to Gold-Standard Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 2021. 44: 183. 
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538.Jiang, Y.L., et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate versus prostatic artery embolization in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a meta-analysis. BMC Urol, 2019. 19: 11. 
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539.Xu, X.J., et al. An updated meta-analysis of prostatic arterial embolization versus transurethral resection of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. World J Urol, 2020. 38: 2455. 
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540.Moreira, A.M., et al. A Review of Adverse Events Related to Prostatic Artery Embolization for Treatment of Bladder Outlet Obstruction Due to BPH. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 2017. 40: 1490. 
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541.Ray, A.F., et al. Efficacy and safety of prostate artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia: an observational study and propensity-matched comparison with transurethral resection of the prostate (the UK-ROPE study). BJU Int, 2018. 122: 270. 
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542.Sapoval, M.R., et al. Two-Year Outcomes of Prostatic Artery Embolization for Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: An International, Multicenter, Prospective Study. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 2024. 47: 1515. 
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543.Zumstein, V., et al. Radiation Exposure During Prostatic Artery Embolisation: A Systematic Review and Calculation of Associated Risks. Eur Urol Focus, 2021. 7: 608. 
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544.National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. NICE Guidance - Prostate artery embolisation for lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia: (c) NICE (2018) Prostate artery embolisation for lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int, 2018. 122: 11. 
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545.Abt, D., et al. Outcome prediction of prostatic artery embolization: post hoc analysis of a randomized, open-label, non-inferiority trial. BJU Int, 2019. 124: 134. 
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546.McVary, K.T., et al. Erectile and Ejaculatory Function Preserved With Convective Water Vapor Energy Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Randomized Controlled Study. J Sex Med, 2016. 13: 924. 
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687.Pannek, J., et al. Particle migration after transurethral injection of carbon coated beads for stress urinary incontinence. J Urol, 2001. 166: 1350. 
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694.Abrams, P., et al. Outcomes of a Noninferiority Randomised Controlled Trial of Surgery for Men with Urodynamic Stress Incontinence After Prostate Surgery (MASTER). Eur Urol, 2021. 79: 812. 
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695.Grabbert, M., et al. Extended follow-up of the AdVance XP male sling in the treatment of male urinary stress incontinence after 48 months: Results of a prospective and multicenter study. Neurourol Urodyn, 2019. 38: 1973. 
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711.Dalpiaz, O., et al. Mid-term complications after placement of the male adjustable suburethral sling: a single center experience. J Urol, 2011. 186: 604. 
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716.Cestari, A., et al. Retropubic Intracorporeal Placement of a Suburethral Autologous Sling During Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy to Improve Early Urinary Continence Recovery: Preliminary Data. J Endourol, 2015. 29: 1379. 
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717.Kojima, Y., et al. Bladder neck sling suspension during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy to improve early return of urinary continence: a comparative analysis. Urology, 2014. 83: 632. 
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718.Cestari, A., et al. Simple vs six-branches autologous suburethral sling during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy to improve early urinary continence recovery: prospective randomized study. J Robot Surg, 2017. 11: 415. 
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720.Kretschmer, A., et al. Surgical Treatment of Male Postprostatectomy Incontinence: Current Concepts. Eur Urol Focus, 2017. 3: 364. 
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729.Queissert, F., et al. High/low-volume center experience predicts outcome of AMS 800 in male stress incontinence: Results of a large middle European multicenter case series. Neurourol Urodyn, 2020. 39: 1856. 
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730.Dosanjh, A., et al. A national study of artificial urinary sphincter and male sling implantation after radical prostatectomy in England. BJU Int, 2020. 125: 467. 
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732.Srivastava, A., et al. Causes of Artificial Urinary Sphincter Failure and Strategies for Surgical Revision: Implications of Device Component Survival. Eur Urol Focus, 2019. 5: 887. 
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735.Queissert, F., et al. Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Size Predicts Outcome in Male Patients Treated for Stress Incontinence: Results of a Large Central European Multicenter Cohort Study. Int Neurourol J, 2019. 23: 219. 
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740.Heesakkers, J., et al. Results at 1 Year from SATURN, A European, Prospective, Multicenter Registry for Male Stress Urinary Incontinence Surgery. Eur Urol Focus, 2024. 10: 818. 
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744.Roupret, M., et al. Management of stress urinary incontinence following prostate surgery with minimally invasive adjustable continence balloon implants: functional results from a single center prospective study. J Urol, 2011. 186: 198. 
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745.Tricard, T., et al. Adjustable continence therapy (proACT) for the treatment of male stress urinary incontinence post-prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023 update). World J Urol, 2023. 41: 1793. 
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750.Duthie, J.B., et al. Botulinum toxin injections for adults with overactive bladder syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2011. 2011: CD005493. 
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751.Mangera, A., et al. Contemporary management of lower urinary tract disease with botulinum toxin A: a systematic review of botox (onabotulinumtoxinA) and dysport (abobotulinumtoxinA). Eur Urol, 2011. 60: 784. 
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757.Herschorn, S., et al. The Efficacy and Safety of OnabotulinumtoxinA or Solifenacin Compared with Placebo in Solifenacin Naive Patients with Refractory Overactive Bladder: Results from a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Phase 3b Trial. J Urol, 2017. 198: 167. 
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805.Monoski, M.A., et al. Urodynamic predictors of outcomes with photoselective laser vaporization prostatectomy in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and preoperative retention. Urology, 2006. 68: 312. 
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